Russia's transition into a capitalist economy has compounded the problems of it rural population who are now heading into the cities "In order to get on you have to get out".
Walker's research concentrated on the Ul'ianovsk of Russia finding that because formal routes of migration were virtually non existant (due to Russia's housing question) that kinship networks had become an invaluable resource.
He also found that Western models had become a focal point for the ambitions of the populace, however because of the polarisation of the poplation which could be likened to the shape of an hour glass social geographic mobilisation for the rural workers had become extremely difficult.
Could a heavily subsidised transport system alleviate the geographic disabilities of the people on the peripheries to create a more mobile workforce?
